The purpose of the course is the critical understanding of the subject of Health Economics in the context of Personalized Medicine in modern Public Health. Health economics, and consequently the economic evaluation of health technologies, is a methodological framework. that facilitates health professionals and governments in the design of health policies by allocating limited resources in an optimal way. In particular, economic evaluation focuses on balancing the costs and expected benefits of new medical technologies to drive value to patients and healthcare payers. The first part of the course introduces students to the importance of personalized medicine in modern public health and the related education of health professionals and public information. Then, the importance of health economics in the operation of health markets and the formation of health policy, and the particularities of the healthcare market in relation to other markets, are analyzed. This section concludes with a detailed presentation of basic concepts of health economics, such as resource scarcity, marginal quantities, utility, supply and demand. The next section deals with the detailed presentation of the role of economic evaluation in making rational and informed decisions in Personalized Medicine. More specifically, the basic steps of preparing an economic evaluation, the basic concepts of costs and health outcomes, the sources of data collection, the different methods of economic evaluation and the most frequently used decision-making models in the context of the economic evaluation of Personalized Medicine applications are analyzed. The last section describes the basic characteristics and ways of financing the health system in Greece, the process of evaluating and pricing new medicines, and the role of the Human Medicines Evaluation and Reimbursement Committee (HTA committee).